In the Hummer incident,The Cruiser was front-heavy , soft shackle would have been less dangerous but an alternate angle should have been considered in my view. I was conveyed by the grapevine that in this case the shackle hit the steering wheel and then the chin of the Hummer driver but can't confirm this as a fact, he survived.
I have witnessed similar failure due to use of an eyelet instead of a properly rated tow hook resulting in the metal shackle ripping the eyelet like it was made of butter, then damaging the AC radiator and grill of the RAM being pulled .The RAM was being pulled by a Wrangler that was also a wrong vehicle due to the weight difference.